Table 2 Prevalence of childhood (<10 Years of Age), adolescence (≥10 Years of Age), and lifetime catatonic features among adolescent Schizophrenia patients with (n = 8) and without (n =10) a History of ChildhoodPervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD)
Childhood | Adolescence | Lifetime | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feature | PDD+ | PDD- | p | Phi | PDD+ | PDD- | p | Phi | PDD+ | PDD- | p | Phi |
Movement | ||||||||||||
Odd gait | 62.5% | 20.0% | NS | 37.5% | 20.0% | NS | 62.5% | 30.0% | NS | |||
Poor coordination | 37.5% | 10.0% | NS | 37.5% | 50.0% | NS | 37.5% | 50.0% | NS | |||
Odd hand postures | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | |||
Runs in circles | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Rocks while sitting | 25.0% | 0.0% | NS | 37.5% | 40.0% | NS | 50.0% | 40.0% | NS | |||
Complex body movements | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 25.0% | 20.0% | NS | 25.0% | 20.0% | NS | |||
Walks on tiptoe | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | |||
Grimaces | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | 50.0% | 0.0% | 0.02 | 0.60 | 50.0% | 10.0% | NS | ||
Lacks facial expression | 50.0% | 0.0% | 0.02 | 0.60 | 87.5% | 100.0% | NS | 87.5% | 100.0% | NS | ||
Speech and vocalization | ||||||||||||
Immediate echolalia | 25.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 25.0% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Delayed echolalia | 62.5% | 0.0% | 0.007 | 0.69 | 37.5% | 20.0% | NS | 75.0% | 20.0% | NS | ||
Odd intonation | 50.0% | 0.0% | 0.02 | 0.60 | 75.0% | 80.0% | NS | 75.0% | 80.0% | NS | ||
Shrieks for no reason | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 37.5% | 0.0% | NS | 37.5% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Laughs for no reason | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 50.0% | 40.0% | NS | 50.0% | 40.0% | NS | |||
Behavior | ||||||||||||
Eye contact | ||||||||||||
Poor eye contact | 50.0% | 10.0% | NS | 87.5% | 70.0% | NS | 87.5% | 70.0% | NS | |||
Sideways glances | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | 25.0% | 30.0% | NS | 25.0% | 30.0% | NS | |||
Blank look in eyes | 25.0% | 0.0% | NS | 37.5% | 60.0% | NS | 50.0% | 60.0% | NS | |||
Stares | 25.0% | 10.0% | NS | 37.5% | 40.0% | NS | 37.5% | 40.0% | NS | |||
Visual fascinations | ||||||||||||
Spins objects | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Twists hands near eyes | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Closely inspects objects from different angles | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Unsocial behavior | ||||||||||||
Shouts for no reason | 37.5% | 20.0% | NS | 50.0% | 40.0% | NS | 50.0% | 40.0% | NS | |||
Aggressive for no reason | 12.5% | 10.0% | NS | 37.5% | 50.0% | NS | 37.5% | 50.0% | NS | |||
Lack of cooperation | 62.5% | 30.0% | NS | 62.5% | 90.0% | NS | 75.0% | 90.0% | NS | |||
Destructive | 62.5% | 10.0% | 0.04 | 0.55 | 37.5% | 40.0% | NS | 75.0% | 40.0% | NS | ||
Strips in public | 50.0% | 10.0% | 0.02 | 0.60 | 50.0% | 20.0% | NS | 50.0% | 25.0% | NS | ||
Inappropriate personal habits | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | |||
Hyperactive | 12.5% | 0.0% | NS | 0.0% | 30.0% | NS | 12.5% | 30.0% | NS | |||